CORRECT ANSWER IS C Patient has features of anterior uveitis on slit exam exam (corneal precipitates) and renal biopsy shows evidence of Granulomatous interstitial nephritis (GIN) with non-caseating granulomas with foreign body-type giant cells. (See arrows). Lupus is not...
Correct answer is choice C Patient has classic features of MCTD based on overlap clinical symptoms of sjogrens( dry eyes, dry mouth) , scleroderma (skin tightening and swallowing difficulties) and also joint pains. Serology is positive for MCTD disease with positive RNP-ENA-...
CORRECT ANSWER IS C Patient has Anion Gap Metabolic acidosis due to D-lactic acidosis. D-lactate encephalopathy is a rare condition that occurs primarily in individuals who have a history of short bowel syndrome. D-lactic acid accumulation in the blood can cause neurologic...
Correct Answer is (B) Pembrolizumab is an immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), designed as a highly selective anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) humanized monoclonal antibody. It inhibits the negative immune regulation due to PD-1 receptor signaling enabling anti-tumor response and...
Correct answer is D Salicylic acid (HSal) is a weak acid and has an equilibrium reaction- H+ + Sal- <—> HSal. If the systemic pH is decreased (more H+ ions), the equation will move to the right. The resulting rise in plasma HSal concentration will allow HSal...
Metabolic acidosis is classified as either high anion gap (caused by increased production or ingestion of acid and impaired renal acid excretion) or normal anion gap (caused by the loss of bicarbonate from the kidney or gastrointestinal tract). Nonanion gap metabolic acidosis...
CORRECT ANSWER IS C CHRONIC LEAD NEPHROPATHY. Patient has chronic Lead nephropathy which can explain his multiple findings. Lead nephropathy should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients who present with the CKD, HTN, gout, and evidence of lead poisoning in...
CORRECT ANSWER IS A Acute life-threatening pulmonary edema (APO) can occur in endurance athletes with Exercise induced hyponatremia (EAH) as the primary sole manifestation or in conjunction with other evidence of cerebral encephalopathy. EAH develops in susceptible endurance...
CORRECT ANSWER IS D Patient developed Page kidney due to external compression of renal parenchyma following ESWL resulting in AKI. The subcapsular space of kidney is a potential space that causes compression of the kidneys after minimal leakage of blood & manifests as...
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